• br The ubiquitin proteasome system The

  2021-04-16

  

  The ubiquitin proteasome system The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) plays a significant role in the regulation of cell growth and survival, in addition to maintaining cellular homeostasis. By means of the UPS, 5-lipoxygenase can precisely and temporally degrade approximately 80% of the entire

• Although both DNA DSBs and DNA PK activity

  2021-04-16

  

  Although both DNA DSBs and DNA-PK activity increase with aging in skeletal muscle (Figure 1), we cannot conclude that aging-associated increase in DNA-PK activity is solely mediated by chromosomal breaks, as DNA-PK is also activated independently of chromosomal breaks by ROS (Li et al., 2014), which

• br Cytokines and NK cells br

  2021-04-15

  

  Cytokines and NK cells Combined effects of cytokines and other stimuli on NK cell function Cytokine-stimulated NK honokiol receptor have enhanced capacity to kill tumor cells. However, usually, individual cytokines do not seem to be sufficient for full activation, proliferation, survival and e

• br Materials and methods Male Hartley guinea pigs g

  2021-04-15

  

  Materials and methods Male Hartley guinea pigs (300–350g) were obtained from National Laboratory Animal Center, Taiwan. LTD4, LTC4, LTE4, LTB4, montelukast and BAY u9773 were purchased from Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Carbachol, atropine, l-serine, boric acid, l-cysteine and all buffer

• Since free testosterone diffuses into a target

  2021-04-15

  

  Since free testosterone diffuses into a target organ [1], a remarkable increase in free testosterone in plasma is expected to enhance androgen response in target organs including the prostate. In fact, the results of the present study showed testosterone and DHT levels, and mRNA expression levels of

• Another important mediator in fear learning is the neuropept

  2021-04-15

  

  Another important mediator in fear learning is the neuropeptide corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF). For example, local repeated administration of CRF into the basolateral amygdala potentiates the acquisition of cue-conditioned fear (Bijlsma et al., 2011) and CRF1 receptor antagonists effectively b

• More recently evidence suggests that dysregulation

  2021-04-15

  

  More recently, evidence suggests that dysregulation of CRF signaling may also be implicated in panic disorder. For instance, polymorphisms in the CRF1, but not CRF2, gene have been associated with susceptibility to panic disorder in German and Japanese population samples (Ishitobi et al., 2012, Keck

• br Discussion Personality develops throughout a human

  2021-04-15

  

  Discussion Personality develops throughout a human's life and is related to his or her innate temperament. While personality features are shaped by various experiences of daily life and moderate a wide range of specific behaviours related to particular situational contexts, temperament reveals it

• In rodents but not humans two splice variants of

  2021-04-15

  

  In rodents but not humans, two splice variants of Chk are identified as Ntk and Ctk, which possess and lack the N-terminal unique domain, respectively. While Ctk is abundantly expressed in the brain, Ntk is selectively restricted to myeloid and lymphoid cells, especially megakaryocytes [31]. This ra

• fibronectin definition Acknowledgments The authors thank Dr

  2021-04-15

  

  Acknowledgments The authors thank Dr. Vladimir Poltoratsky and Zhihui Xiao for their help with the in vitro FRET assay. Support for this research was provided by Saint John’s University. Introduction We predicted the existence of endothelium-derived contractile factors (EDCFs) in 1982 [1]. In 1

• In mammals ribonucleotide reductase RNR is a unique

  2021-04-15

  

  In mammals, ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) is a unique enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting step of de novo synthesis of deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs).7, 8 Mammalian RNR consists of two homodimer subunits: the large catalytic dimer RRM1 and the small regulatory dimer RRM2 or RRM2B. An

• br Role of ERK signaling

  2021-04-15

  

  Role of ERK signaling in preventive and therapeutic potential of flavonoids in neurodegenerative diseases ERK is one of the main pharmacological targets of natural phenolic compounds and contributes to several therapeutic approaches including anti-atherogenic, anti-cancer, anti-colitis, anti-arth

• The mRNA expression of asEP studied

  2021-04-15

  

  The mRNA expression of asEP4 studied by RT-PCR shows that EP4 is expressed in many different tissues in Atlantic salmon which is comparable to other species (Sugimoto and Narumiya, 2007) although some distinct differences are present. For example, in mice the expression of EP4 receptor was found to

• While showing that deletion of EP maintains femur bone volum

  2021-04-15

  

  While showing that deletion of EP1 maintains femur bone volume fraction and trabecular bone parameters during aging, perhaps more importantly we have also demonstrated that increased initial BV/TV in EP1 is protective against OVX-induced bone loss. That is, while mice lose an approximately equal pe

• The biological actions of ET

  2021-04-15

  

  The biological actions of ET‐1 are mediated via two distinct receptor subtypes, the endothelin A and endothelin B receptors (ETA/ETB). While activation of ETA is assumed to mediate contraction of smooth muscle cells, the activity of ETB is related to transient vasodilation [22]. In human corpus cave

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